Effect of Different Access Cavity Designs and Instrumentation Techniques on the Thickness of Pericervical Dentin - A CBCT Study

Endodontically treated teeth are proved to be weaker than vital teeth and are known to present a higher risk of fracture when compared to the vital teeth. Access cavity preparation is the first and most important phase of root canal treatment. A well-designed access preparation with good instrumentation technique is essential to analyze the geometry of the canal before and after instrumentation and assessing the type of preparation of the root canal a non-invasive method Cone Beam Computed Tomography is used. Hence, attention should be paid to unnecessary dent in removal during endodontic treatment, in order to maintain the strength of the teeth. The conventional endodontic access cavity has many drawbacks and does not adhere to the main objectives of the access cavity preparation. Hence, this study was intended to evaluate the effect of different access cavity designs and instrumentation techniques on the preservation of peri cervical dentin. Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of two access cavity designs and two instrumentation techniques on thickness of peri-cervical dentin using CBCT. Materials & Methodology: Sixty extracted human teeth (single rooted mandibular central incisors) collected. The specimens were divided into four groups of fifteen teeth each (n=15). Access cavity are prepared by Conventional method and Incisal method. Group 1:- Conventional access cavity preparation and canal enlargement with Pro-taper file.Group2:-Conventional access cavity preparation and canal enlargement with Wave one-gold. Group 3: Incisal access cavity preparation and canal enlargement with Pro-taper file. Group 4: Incisal access cavity preparation and canal enlargement with Wave one-gold. After the access cavity preparation and instrumentation the teeth were positioned in thetemplate, and CBCT scan is taken. The peri-cervical dentin thickness is calculated and measured in four surfaces that is, facial, lingual, mesial, and distal for all the groups. Results: Results indicate that Incisal approach with wave gold reciprocating file preserved the pericervical dentin thickness. Conclusion: Results showed that Incisal approach with wave gold reciprocating file has preserved the pericervical dentin thickness.