Isolation of Aerobic Bacteria from Pus Sample and their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Odisha

Background and objective: Pus produced in various pyogenic infections is a common sample received at microbiology laboratory. In view of burden on financial resources, pyogenic infection is a major healthcare concern and hence, it requires a cost-effective management. Here, our objective is to identify pus isolates and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Materials and methods: 356 Pus samples were collected aseptically in a period of 6 months (June 2021-November 2021) and processed. Bacteria were isolated aerobically using conventional methods and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern was detected by Kirby-Bauer?s disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. Results: Out of 356, 292 (82.02%) cases showed positive culture growth, either alone or in mixed cultures. Out of the positive cases, 59.2% were male, 40.8% were females. Maximum belonged to 17-45 years of age. From 292 culture positive cases, 315 aerobic bacteria were isolated, out of which gram negative bacteria were predominant (80.2%). Klebsiella (29.8%) was the most common gram negative bacteria followed by pseudomonas (23.9%), and acinetobacter (10.3%). Most of the gram negative organisms were sensitive to imipenem and resistant to cephalosporins. Out of total Gram positive bacteria (19.8%) isolated, Staphylococcus aureus (14.2%) was the most common showing maximum sensitivity to vancomycin. Conclusion: In our study, gram negative bacteria found to be highly prevalent that showed high rates of multi-drug resistance (MDR) to commonly used antibiotics. Hence, continued surveillance and rational use of antibiotics should be undertaken to prevent further emergence of MDR pathogens.