Random Access Procedure (RAP) Challenges and Solutions in 5GNR for Non - Terrestrial Networks (NTN)

The NTN is a new paradigm shift in the telecommunications arena, providing unending connectivity and overcoming limitations of terrestrial infrastructure. NTN comprises satellites, high - altitude platforms, and other non - terrestrial natures, which are unscathed with vast potential in closing the digital divide, connecting remote areas, and defense - sensitive applications such as emergency communication or disaster recovery. The RAP in 5G New Radio (5GNR) is essential since it enables the first contact between user equipment and networking. However, converting RAP to the distinct characteristics of NTN is very difficult under influencing factors such as variable mobility level, increased area coverage and the deployment of multiple access technologies.