Assessment of the biotoxicity of drilling waste from the yamburgsky oil and gas condensate field

Every year, as a result of drilling activities in connection with the development of new fields, Gazprom companies generate up to several million tons of drilling waste. This waste accounts for up to 63% of the total waste generated. According to Gazpromʼs environmental reports, up to 23% of this drilling waste remains in storage facilities. At the same time, this type of waste can be used as raw material for the production of fired construction materials and other purposes. The goal of this study was to determine the toxicity of aqueous extracts from roasting materials based on drilling waste from the Yamburgskoye oil and gas condensate field in order to assess the potential for using this waste in the production of different function al materials for construction. The object of this study was drilling waste from the Yamburgskoye oil and gas condensate field, which was generated during the drilling of exploration wells at a depth of 3,400-3,800 meters. The drilling fluids used were collected at the Gazprom Dobycha Yamburg LLC facilities. To investigate the biotoxicity of these drilling fluids, Daphnia magna Straus was used as a test object. To eliminate the influence of pH, samples of drilling fluid extracts with various pH levels were studied, including those with initial pH levels ranging from 5.45 to 12.6, as well as those that were neutralized to a pH of 6.5-7.2. In solutions with an initial pH, the percentage of Daphnia deaths indicated the negative effects of the alkaline medium. However, it was shown that the studied media did not have an acute toxic effect on aquatic organisms. The study demonstrates that high-temperature treatment allows for the production of functional materials for construction with a low level of toxicity and impact on living organisms. This is an important consideration in the development of technologies for managing drilling waste from Gazprom, which has a significant impact on the technological process of handling potential waste.