THE EVANGELICAL AS THE NATIVE IN THE “BROTHERS KARAMAZOV” AND IN “A WRITER’S DIARY” (1876?1877) BY FYODOR DOSTOEVSKY

The article identifies the reasons for Fyodor Dostoevsky’s appeal to the traditions of Old Russian literature in “A Writer’s Diary” during the Russian-Turkish war. One of the main reasons is seeking for national foundations of Russian spirituality. The writer learned the world of medieval literacy getting acquainted with hagiography, walking, spiritual eloquence. Later Dostoevsky reverted to the Old Russian monuments in the course of his work on the novel “The Brothers Karamazov” (in particular on the chapter “The Russian Monk”). As follows from the comparison of the texts the dominant qualities of the ideal image of a Russian saint are repentance, humility and suffering, desire for purification, spiritual ability to resist the evil. The ideal form of existence of Russian people becomes conciliarism. The type of historicism is the movement to the Last Judgment. Gospel allusions and metaphors reinforce the author’s interpretation. Thus, Dostoevsky carries on the dialogue with the evangelical word at an ideological, imaginative, genre, motive and narrative level of the text. The hallmark of the works of Fyodor Dostoevsky who followed the evangelical tradition, becomes a dialogical word.