PATH OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF EPIC POEM IN THE SOUTHERN AZERBAIJANI LITERATURE

A word, an embodiment of feelings and emotions of a human kind, developing inside separate form and content as per the requirements of the time in the various stages of development of the history has formed the oral culture - the fiction. With the time, the fiction was divided into lyrical, epic and dramatic kinds, each possessing the unique and specific features. So, the first epic poems were formed based on songs created about the various social and political events and their participants, having great vital importance and the folk heroes, gaining the people’s love and sang in chorus. The known social and political events contained and contemplating the marching of Hellenes to Troy (the Greek epic), the great migration of people (German epic), beating off Arabs who had conquered Spain and risking to conquer France (French epic) were first of all expressed in the songs and then epos reflecting experiences of the aforementioned people. The various epic works belonging for example to Sumerians (“Enmerkar and Aratta Ruler”, “Uruk and Aratta”, “Luganbanda and Enmerkar”, “Bilgamus”), to the ancient Turks (“Oghuz Kaghan”, “Alp er Tonga”, “Erganakon”), to the Greek people (“Iliad”, “Odyssey”), to the Azerbaijani Turks (“Book of Dada Gorgud”), to the German people (“epic on Nibelung”), to the French people (“Chanson sur Roland”), to the Spanish people (“Poem about Sir”), to the Russian people “Saga about Igor regiment”) and so on were considered epic samples created namely by this way.