Ovarian Rhabdomyosarcoma Arising from Mature Cystic Teratoma

Malignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma is very unusual and has difficult diagnosis and poor outcome. We present the case of a young woman diagnosed with a benign teratoma measuring 15 cm, and a laparotomic adnexectomy was performed. Following diagnosis of rhabdomiosarcoma in mature cystic teratoma, she underwent complete cytoreductive surgery. Despite complete surgery and adjuvant therapy, the patient died a few months after the diagnosis. We report a rare case of malignant transformation of mature teratomas with a very poor outcome.