Burkholderia pseudomallei renal abscess in a patient with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei is not reported in hemodialysis patients from India. We report a patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) on maintenance hemodialysis who presented with Pyrexia of Unknown origin (PUO), weight loss and renal abscess due to B pseudomallei. Clinical awareness and microbiological expertise is important in making a diagnosis of melioidosis in a case of PUO.