ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC IMPLANTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES (LITERATURE REVIEW)

The review presents the analysis of Russian and foreign reference sources dedicated to endothelial dysfunction in patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices. The use of such devices may both improve and worsen endothelial function. Single chamber ventricular pacing may adversely affect endothelial function due to the worsening or development of congestive heart failure while biventricular pacing may prevent the progression of endothelial dysfunction. Dysfunction of endothelium in patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices remains largely understudied: many of the already conducted studies included a small number of patients and had heterogeneous design. Precise mechanisms of the development and progression of endothelial dysfunction in this group of patients remain unclear.