Environmentally-friendly and energy-efficient road transport and its infrastructure

The transport sector rapid development has led to the number of serious problems, such as: deterioration of the ecological situation in the world, shortage of energy resources, large accident rate, etc. Therefore, the application and implementation of energy-efficient technologies in transport is an urgent problem, the solution of which begins with the analysis and structuring of all its components. The paper was proposed to divide the energy-saving technologies in transport into two areas: transport and infrastructure. Particular attention is paid to urban bus transport. Comparative analysis of different types of one-class buses utilization was conducted: diesel, hybrid and electrobus for one of the intercity lines. The operating cost calculation for these types of buses was performed, which is shown that electrobuses have a substantial advantage over other buses. It was proposed to use an ultracapacitor electrobus as a small class bus in urban environment and also we presented a schematic diagram of an ultracapacitor electrobus. As for the development of transport infrastructure, the authors offered design of smart roads, which consist of multifunctional pavement slabs.