INNOVATION POLICY OF BELARUS: ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROBLEMS IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL DYNAMICS

The article considers the problems of the formation of innovation policy in the conditions of global world. Results of innovation activities in Belarus in the context of international indicators of innovation are analyzed and prove that in spite of preserving considerable scientific and technical potential, results do not return the expenses and technocratic approach in the stimulation of innovation processes is preserved. Presence of system breakdowns, asymmetry of information in the realization of innovation support mechanisms are theoretically substantiated, conceptual grounds for the extension of approach to the formation of innovation policy are proposed. Aim of research: determining directions of increasing effectiveness of Belarus innovation policy. In this connection, special attention is paid to the theoretical and practical problems of innovation policy which influence its effectiveness: ? determination of preconditions for the state interference in the innovation activities; ? identification of the main spheres of state innovation policy; ? specification of peculiarities of modern innovations determining the directions and set of instruments of innovation policy; ? assessment of effectiveness of innovation policy measures in the context of international indicators of innovations. Methods of research: the main methods included economic analysis and synthesis, comparison and generalization. Results of research: approbation of the system of innovation indicators for determining effectiveness of innovation policy, taking into account the practice of international comparisons, shows that its application permits to analyze strengths and weaknesses of measures directed at the formation of modern innovation system and provides the possibility to develop new directions of innovation policy. The research shows that to adapt the innovation policy of Belarus to the challenges of globalization, the following policy directions which in current conditions require special attention of the state shall be outlined: ? general economic conditions determining the attractiveness of direct foreign investments; ? scientific, technical and innovation policy including instruments of supporting investments in science by the entrepreneurial sector and strengthening connection between science and real sector of economy; ? policy in the sphere of intellectual property; ? policy of human resources development, including mechanisms of providing employee mobility, ? harmonization of innovation indicators with the international standards, ? integration of the national innovation systems in the global networks.