Relationship Between Lipoprotein(A) Level and Dietary Intake of Trans and Saturated Fatty Acids in a West Java Province, Indonesia Population

In Indonesia, cardiovascular disease (CVD), which can be related to diet, is a major public health problem. Diets high in fat, saturated fatty acids, and trans fatty acids may increase lipoprotein(a) levels. This cross-sectional study examined the mean intake of trans fatty acid and saturated fatty acid in a sample of Indonesian adults, and examined the relationship between fatty acid intake and lipoprotein(a) levels. A total of 149 adults aged 30-55 years living in rural areas (Bogor) and urban areas (Depok) in West Java Province, Indonesia were included. The participants had a mean intake of trans fatty acid and saturated fatty acid that represented 0.37% (rural 0.36% and urban 0.38%) and 14.53% of calories (rural 14.12% and urban 15.21%), respectively. The proportion of subjects showing abnormal lipoprotein(a) levels was 29% (rural 28.6% and urban 30.0%, p>0.05). Moreover, there was a statistically significant association between trans fatty acid intake and lipoprotein(a) levels (p< 0.05), but not for saturated fatty acid intake. In the context of nutrition, diets that are low in trans fatty acid and saturated fatty acid would be beneficial for the prevention of CVD.