CORRELATION BETWEEN LEPTIN, ADIPONECTIN AND TNF-Α IN OBESE SUBJECTS WITH AND WITHOUT TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS IN SOHAG GOVERNORATE, EGYPT

Objectives: Obesity is associated with abnormal adipokines production and activation of inflammatory signal pathways in adipose tissue. Also, there is rising facts about the relation between the adiponectin function and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the levels of leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- α) and lymphocytes count in diabetic and obese diabetic participants and its significance in the etiology of diabetes and obesity in Sohag Governorate. Methods: 91 unrelated subjects include 34 normal, 49 obese and 8 obese with type 2 diabetes at Hospital of Sohag University were enrolled in this study. Serum leptin, adiponectin and TNF- α levels were measured using ELIZA kit. Fasting and postprandial 2 hours blood glucose level was measured by colorimetric method. Other measurements including blood pressure, BMI and CBR were measured in hospital laboratory. Results: Both obese and obese diabetic subjects have hyperglycemia and hypertension in comparison with control, however, obese diabetic subjects have higher significant level than obese. Leptin level in plasma was significantly higher in obese and obese with type 2 diabetes subjects than control group, where adiponectin level was lower in these subjects than control group. In obese and obese with type 2 diabetes subjects, both of lymphocytes count and level of TNF- α were higher than control and in obese diabetic than obese non diabetic subjects. Conclusion: The present results showed in obesity with or without type 2 diabetes serum levels of leptin and TNF- α and lymphocytes count were increased, however, adiponectin level was decreased. Moreover, the high level of TNF- α reflect risk factor for vascular diseases like hypertension.