Le progrès accomplis dans la réforme macroéconomique dans les pays de la CEI. Recherche comparée avec l‘appui sur la réforme agraire en République de Moldova

Because of difficult circumstances, including adverse initial conditions, the path to a market economy was difficult for most CIS countries. The process of economic and political reforms in the region lasted more than in Eastern Europe. The CIS countries are less advanced in market reforms than most countries of Eastern Europe. Despite some recent progress, the process of systemic reforms has been patchy and overall incoherent. Reforms in areas such as liberalization of prices and foreign trade, reinforcement of state enterprises and restructuring the ownership over production enterprises have marked biggest progress in Russia, while in the rest of CIS countries these reforms did not particularly advance. Reforms in other important areas, such as enforcement of the rule of law and implementation of competition policy have been slow everywhere. In this context, efforts to treat agriculture as a specific economic model, able to preserve elements of administrative control and centralized planning, will only contribute to a prolongation of the adverse effects on future generations, first in Moldova, a country with a strong agricultural specific of the population and economy. Central and Eastern European countries have a long experience of successful reform of post-socialist agriculture. This experience should be adapted and used in less advanced countries. Economy and contemporary history is characterized by dynamism and internationalism. Therefore, caution in economic reform in rural areas should not be associated with slowness. Moreover, public opinion is changing in CIS countries under the influence of failures of economic reforms and dramatic deterioration in living standards of the majority population.