Glycosylated hemoglobin as a marker of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a tertiary care hospital

Introduction: In persons with diabetes, chronic hyperglycemia (assessed by glycosylated hemoglobin level) is related to the development of micro vascular disease; however, the relation of glycosylated hemoglobin to macro vascular disease is less clear. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a more stable, accurate parameter of glucose homeostasis than fasting glycemia, thus providing prognostic information in diabetics. However, its role and relationship with CAD remains unclear in non-diabetics. Diabetic patients with accompanied (but often unnoticed) dyslipidemia are soft targets of cardiovascular deaths. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a routinely used marker for long – term glycemic control. This investigation is an attempt to evaluate the association between HbA1c and various lipid parameters. Aim and objectives: To know the prevalence of dyslipidemias associated with type 2 DM, To study the impact of the glycemic status on lipid profile in type 2 DM, To evaluate the efficacy of HbA1c as a marker of dyslipidemia in type 2 DM. Materials and methods: Venous blood samples collected from 35 type 2 diabetic patients (20 males, 15 females) and serum analyzed for HbA1c, Fasting blood glucose, Total Cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C and LDL-C. L/H risk ratio is also calculated. A detailed history with thorough systemic examination was carried out. Hemogram, urinalysis, fasting and blood sugar after 2 h of major meal, HbA1c, lipid profile, performed. Results: We used student t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient to find the statistical significance. Result: serum concentration of glycated hemoglobin and all the parameters of lipid profile except HDL-C were increased while HDL-C concentration decreased in both the types of DM as compared to that of control. Conclusion: Dyslipidemia is more prominent in type-2 DM than that in type-1 DM. Glycemic control is poorer & its correlation with lipid profile is stronger in type-2 DM.