Social and cultural aspects of the formation of the Ukrainian nation in the ХІХ century (2nd part)

The article deals with the influence of modernization processes in the XIX century on the formation of the ukrainian nation. It is noted that the formation of the ukrainian nation in the Russian empire was hindered by two factors. First – this is the repression of imperial power with respect to the Ukrainian national movement, and the second – that feeling of absence, to a certain extent, the «other» with respect to the Russian side by the ukrainian people of the same national movement. Regarding the Austro-Hungarian empire, the problem of the «other» appear in their entirety, allowing the background of this «other» to feel the unity of all ukrainian, and this in turn contributed to the galician ukrainians to become a self-conscious national community. And the community was much more crystallized as a nation compared with the amorphous part of the ukrainians, who were part of the Russian empire.