ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF RADISH TUBERS (Raphanus sativus L.) ON F.nucleatum AND P.gingivalis AS AN ALTERNATIVE MATERIAL FOR ROOT CANAL MEDICAMENT (IN-VITRO STUDY)

The success of root canal treatment is affected by the elimination of pathogenic bacteria in the root canal aided with the application of intra canal medicament such as calcium hydroxide, but it has a resistance to some bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Development of alternative medicament from natural agent that meets the requirements of medicament materials is needed, such as radish tuber that is biocompatible and has antibacterial properties. Objective: This study was aimed to determine the antibacterial effect of the ethanol extract of the radish tuber (R.sativus L.) against F.nucleatum and P.gingivalis by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). Methods This study began by drying 5 kg radish tuber and 300 grams of simplicia was obtained by extraction with 5 L of 70% ethanol then evaporated with rotary evaporator until 250 gr extracts was obtained. Antibacterial testing using the method of dilution by diluting the extract in Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB) with multiple dilutions to obtain a concentration of 100%, 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, 3.125%, 1.56%, 0, 78%, 0.39%. In determining the MIC, 4 ml of each concentration was taken and added to 1 ml of bacterial suspension, vortexed and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours in the CO2 incubator. Turbidity of each tube was observed visually and compared to control McFarland. Each group was vortexed and taken 100mL, dropped into the petri then poured Trypticase media Soy Agar (TSA) were replicated four samples, then incubated at 37°C for 24 hours in the CO2 incubator. Counting the number of bacteria formed by using a pour plate method to obtain the value of MBC. Results The results indicate that begin to appear clear tube is at concentration of 12.5% and 6.25% for F.nucleatum and P.gingivalis consecutively. There was absence of F.nucleatum at concentration of 100% to 25%. Meanwhile the diffusion test of P.gingivalis showed petri of a concentration of 100%, 50%, 25% and 12.5% in the fourth replication showed sterile petri. Conclusion: The conclusion of the study was the ethanol extract of radish tuber has an antibacterial effect against F.nucleatum and P.gingivalis with the MIC values at a concentration of 12.5% and 6.25% and the MBC at a concentration of 25% and 12.5% consecutively.