Análise exploratória espacial dos preços das terras agrícolas no estado de São Paulo

The Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis consists of a collection of techniques to describe and visualize spatial distributions, discover association patterns, identify clusters and atypical situations. Aiming to analyze the these issues influence on the agricultural lands prices, Exploratory Spatial Analysis of bare land values of five land categories in the State of São Paulo was held in 2012. Data descriptive statistics was performed; we calculated the global Moran index and the Local Index of Spatial Association and produced maps that describe the spatial phenomena. All procedures used open programs. The discussion was based on the association of phenomena occurrence and agricultural production value in São Paulo, in 2012. All land categories had global spatial autocorrelation. The autocorrelation indicators detected high and low prices clusters, some categories showed outliers. The clustering patterns were different for each land category. The highest agricultural production values are located in regions where high prices clusters occurred. Rural real estate appraisals conducted in the state of São Paulo should pay attention to the spatial autocorrelation occurrence. The availability of such tools through free software should contribute to the use of such procedures by experts and evaluators.