WATERSUPPLIES SOIL AND CROP SEEDS SUNFLOWER HYBRID IN THE STEPPE ZONE OF THE CBD

The data of the study according to the yield of sunflower hybrids of different length of the growing season of moisture in natural moisture (rain-fed fields), residual moisture (after irrigation predecessor) and the growing water after irrigation predecessor (corn), where the main method of irrigation previous crop was a superficial furrow irrigation conducted at the rate of wetting meter soil layer (80-100cm) norm 920-1100m3 / ha. Results of the study confirmed that on heavy calcareous chernozem in the climatic conditions of insufficient moisture (360-430mm annual precipitation) in a two-meter layer of soil after irrigation of crops is accumulated to 1100-1370m3 / ha of productive moisture. In rainfed conditions this stock is significantly less than 650-800m3, depending on the annual precipitation. The yield of hybrids ranged from 1.2 to 1,97t / ha depending on the level of moisture reserves and humid year; on backgrounds after predecessor irrigated and irrigated from 1,51-1,93 to 2,57-3,34t / ha. Factor vlagopotrebleniya sunflower hybrids decreases with the improvement in the moisture crops 200-300m3. Sunflower Hybrids use all the available moisture two-meter layer of soil to a moisture content of 8.8% -9.1% on the backgrounds of the growing irrigation soil moisture level is still not 12,6-13,2%, ie with a residual stock of productive water in an amount of 260-390m3 of water per hectare.