Superoxide, Catalase and General Antioxidant Activity of Blood and Liver of Rats Based on Action of MSG

Monosodium glutamate is a sodium salt of glutamic acid which by itself is an essential and useful for human body. MSG in Ukraine became legal food supplement in 2000 and the number of its use is an uncontrolled process that necessitates control over its use. Number of studies has been shown that prolonged use of monosodium glutamate leads to oxidative stress and increased free radical oxidation of lipids and proteins in our body. Surplus generation of reactive oxygen species, which underlies many pathological conditions, resists antioxidant protective system. The inhibition of free radical oxidation process principally depends on the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Significant role is played by enzymes of superoxide dismutase and catalase. The aim of study was to figure out superoxide dismutase, catalase and total antioxidant activity of blood hemolisate and liver homogenate of a rat with prolonged administration of sodium glutamate. Materials and methods. The work was carried out on 90 white nonlinear rats with 120-160 g of body weight, which were divided into two groups: the first group contained experimental rats and the second one included intact rats that received daily aqueous solution of 3% sodium glutamate in 1 ml for 30 mg/kg of body weight for 28 days. This dose corresponded to 2 g of sodium glutamate to the average person. Results. It is shown that a daily intake of MSG at a dose of 30 mg/kg of body weight for 28 days caused increase in total antioxidant activity on 7, 14 and 21 days of the experiment compared to the control and reduction of the studied parameters after 28 days as in blood hemolysate as in liver homogenate to control level. Established significant increase of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in rats' blood hemolysate and liver homogenate in 7 and 14 days of experiment and reduced enzymatic activity after 4-weeks administration of food supplement compared to control. The maximum decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes which were established after the introduction of food supplements compared to control. Conclusion. Thus, reduction of total antioxidant, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in blood and liver hemolisate of experimental rats may indicate MSG induction of oxidative stress and bound with that effect of endogenous intoxication after 4-weeks administration in dosage 30 mg/kg of body weight.