Peculiarities of Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Patients with Osteochondrosis of the Lumbar Spine

The purpose of the article is to determine the lipidogram indices in the blood serum of patients of different ages with osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine. It was found out that the total cholesterol content was increased in the older group of patients compared to the control group by 29.1%, with the first group by 75.0%, and the second by 33.0%. The increase in the content of β-lipoproteins (which are included in the composition of LDL) was established in the second group in comparison with the control group – by 26.7%, from the first – by 26.5 %; in the third group in comparison with the control group – by 33.0 %, from the first – by 34.8 %; in the fourth group in comparison with the control group – by 54.6 %, from the first – by 56.6 %, the second – by 22.0 %. The content of triglycerides in the blood serum of the youngest group of patients did not differ from those of the control group, in the second group it was increased by 66.1%, in the third group it was increased by 56.3 % compared to the control group and by 50.9% first group. In the older group of patients, serum triglyceride levels were the highest: 67.0% increase compared with the control group and 61.2% with the first group of patients. The blood levels of patients with HDL-C have been reduced in all experimental groups. This fraction of lipoproteins participates in the transport of cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver, where it can be excreted from the body as a part of bile acids. Therefore, HDL are considered to be anti-atherogenic lipoproteins, and a decrease in their concentrations below 0.90 mmol/l for men and below 1.15 mmol/l for women is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and the age of the patients. In our study the low serum level of HDL-C was in the older group of patients and was reduced by 47.9 % compared with the control group, by 18.5 % compared to the first group, by 27.2 % the indicator of the second group, by 21.1 % – with the index of the third group. The content of LDL-C in patients with osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine was increased in the second group of patients compared to the control group – by 19.8 %, from the first – by 37.7 %; in the fourth compared to the control one – by 62.0 %, from the first – by 86.1 %, the second – by 35.2 %. Thus, the values of biochemical indices of lipid metabolism in the serum of patients with osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine increased with age, except for anti-atherogenic HDL-C, the content of which in the blood serum decreased with age. An increase in the content of atherogenic lipoproteins in the blood serum (LDL and VLDL) and SC in patients with osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine indicates an increase in the risk of developing atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease with age, which must be taken into account in the operative and conservative treatment of this category of orthopedic patients. In future the authors plan to develop an algorithm for the diagnosis of metabolic disorders based on biochemical markers of lipid metabolism in different age groups of patients with degenerative diseases of the spine in order to predict complications in operative and conservative treatment.