Research of Dynamics of Immune Response Rates in Patients with EVB Infection

In patients with infectious mononucleosis (MI) (n=30), chronic EVB infection (HEVB) (n = 30), and 20 patients in the control group, the nature and complex state of the subpopulations of immune response cells was studied. During the research all norms of international and Ukrainian protocols were observed. Clinical examination of patients with EVB and healthy patients included examination of complaints, epidemiological anamnesis, anamnesis of the disease and life, objective examination, standard instrumental and laboratory studies in dynamics, detection of replicative activity of EVB DNA and complex analysis of the immune response. The main subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD20+, CD25+) were determined using a set of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to determine differentiation antigens of leukocytes by the method of immunofluorescence microscopy from LLC Sorbent (Russia) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. To study the Ig class content of A, M, G serum, the method of simple radial immunodiffusion in the gel was used. The concentration of the CEC in the blood was determined according to Dijon. The results of the studies were processed by the method of variational and correlation statistics using the program "Statistica 10.0 for Windows", also methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics were used. It was found out that the immune response in patients with MI during the height of the disease was characterized by imbalance of the cell link (as evidenced by an increase in CD3+, CD4+, and a simultaneous increase in CD16+, CD25+), activation of the humoral unit (increase in CD20+, IgA, IgM, Ig G) immunity. In the period of reconvalescence in a larger number of patients with MI, the revealed disorders were continued to persist, not reaching the values of the control group. The obtained results testify significant changes in the structural characteristics of the cellular and humoral immune system and the multidirectionality of the immune response in acute and chronic course of the disease. The progressive nature of changes in immune parameters in both MI and HBEB indicates the formation of a secondary cellular immune imbalance, activation of the humoral link of immune defense, a change in the equilibrium of immunoregulatory mediators towards the Th2-link in the formation of chronic forms of EBV infection.