Biological Modeling of Type I Diabetes Mellitus with Alloxane with Modified Chemical Properties

The article is devoted to the comparative analysis of the effect of freshly prepared solution of alloxan and alloxan that was in a leaky package for 30 days on a clinical picture of type I diabetes mellitus. Alloxan (mesoxalilicchovin) is a product of the disintegration of uric acid, it belongs to a number of physiologically active substances. It is formed from the action of strong nitric acid on uric acid. In the body it is formed in case of certain metabolic disorders, selectively acting tissue pancreatic islets (Langerhans), causing its degeneration, which is used to create an experimental model of diabetes in laboratory animals. The experiment was carried out on 60 white experimental rats weighing 150-200 gr., Young age (24 weeks) of both sexes, which were kept in the conditions of the Vivarium of the Medical Institute, the Department of Morphology. The experiment lasted 60 days. An important condition for the modeling of diabetes mellitus is the administration of the alloxan solution after a 10-hour fasting. Alloxan dihydrate was administered intraperitoneally once as a 0.9% normal saline solution at a dose of 150 mg / kg. During the experiment, it was determined: body weight of rats (Kern 442-432N weights); the content of glucose in the urine (using diagnostic test strips of Citolab (DPRK)); consumption of glucose in the blood (glucose oxidase method). After the introduction of fresh alloxan solution, a clinical picture of type I diabetes mellitus was developed in experimental animals: polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria with glucosuria, weight loss, significant increase in blood glucose, and in rats treated with an alloxan of a month ago, symptoms were much weaker. The mortality in this case in the experimental animals of the group with the fresh alloxan solution was 40%, while in the animals of the group with the sealed alloxane solution was only 10%. As a result, it can be said that the alloxane solution, which was in contact with air for 30 days (was not hermetically packed), lost its full cytostatic properties relative to the islets of Langerhans. This manifests itself clinically in the form of minor polyuria, polyphagia, polydipsia, glucosuria, glycemia, weight loss. For practical use it is necessary to use hermetically packed crystalline powder of alloxan, which must be opened before use, diluted in appropriate proportions and used within 1 day. The data of the conducted experiment can be taken into account during the experiment by other scientists.