Application of the Bee Pollen in the Nutritive Correction of the Functional Disorders of the Biliary Tract in Children

Introduction. The structure of the digestive system diseases of children is among the leading functional disorders of the biliary tract, preceding, accompanying or burdening organic pathology, including chronic cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Among the causes of functional disorders of the biliary tract (FDBT) along with stressogenious and genetic predictors prominent place belongs to the infringement diet. Nowadays, the multidirectional and balanced action of the floral pollen on the human organism is more deeply explored. The variety of biochemical composition of pollen diet determines its value and makes this product particularly promising at a time when people constantly break the food regime. The aim of the study. To investigate the efficacy of pollen for food correction of functional disorders of children's biliary tract. Materials and methods. The study involved 72 children aged 14­17 years. The study was conducted on an outpatient basis among children selected by a screening questionnaire and routine medical examination in a randomized manner. Diagnosis FDBT was verified according to the Rome criteria of the third review. Preliminary stratification formed a group of children with FDBT that stratified the principal group (Og) n = 36 and the comparative (GP) n = 36. Both groups were analyzed for anamnesis and an objective examination was carried out. Another organic pathology was excluded. All gallbladders (GB) of the children with choleretic activity were examined by the dynamic ultrasound methods. Both groups were treated by medication only in cases of exacerbation of pain children with hyper­ or hypofunction, according to the protocol N 438 from 26.05.10. Therapeutic focus was aimed at correcting the diet. In Og for a month children have been taking pollen for additional purpose ­ in case of the presence of hypertensive type (1 teaspoon in the morning on an empty stomach and before lunch 30 minutes before food, hypotonic type ­ 1 teaspoon of pollen mixed with honey 1:1 (based on weight) three times a day 20 minutes before the meals. Results and discussion. Analysis of the frequency of the main complaints in both groups before and after treatment showed a positive trend, which shows the improved health of the patients after correction of the diet ­ complaints disappeared or their frequency was reduced. However, Og noted better results in comparison with the other group that did not use pollen. With reliable difference overall frequency of episodes of pain in the right upper quadrant (or epigastric) decreased ­ to 83.3 ± 6.2 % in the main group compared to 41.7 ± 8.2 % in comparison to the other group (p < 0.01). Appetite improved in the main group in 69.4 ± 7.7 % of children compared to 38.9 ± 8.1 % in the comparison group (p < 0,01). The main group of children with FDBT of hypomotoric type showed the increase of reduction of GB by 15.54 ± 2.62 %, while in another group at 7.84 ± 2.45 % (p < 0.05). Children with hyper­reduction type FDBT GB approached standards for 12.15 ± 1.48 % of Og, while gP ­ on 7.63 ± 1.47 % (p < 0.05). The results indicate a stabilization of ejection fraction after therapeutic interventions conducted and show a more pronounced effect in the group that took additional pollen. Conclusions. The results of the conducted research allow to state that the complex treatment of functional disorders of biliary tracts in children aged 14­17 with adding pollen to their diet is effective, influences functional condition of a gall bladder and their general well­being, which allows to recommend adding pollen to the schemes of children's treatment of this age category and with diseases of biliary tracts disorders. The therapeutic course of pollen in a complex correction of the diet is effective in treating children with FDBT, has a positive effect on the functional status of the gallbladder and general well­being of children.