IMPACT ON INDIAN BANKS’ PROFITABILITY INDICATORS – AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

The Indian banking system consists of 26 public sector banks, 20 private sector banks, 43 foreign banks, 56 regional rural banks, 1,589 urban cooperative banks and 93,550 rural cooperative banks, in addition to cooperative credit institutions. The Indian banking sector's assets reached US$ 1.8 trillion in FY14 from US$ 1.3 trillion in FY10, with 70 per cent of it being accounted by the public sector. Indian banks are increasingly focusing on adopting integrated approach to risk management. Banks have already embraced the international banking supervision accord of Basel II. According to RBI, majority of the banks already meet capital requirements of Basel III, which has a deadline of March 31, 2019. Most of the banks have put in place the framework for asset-liability match, credit and derivatives risk management. The aim of the present research is to determine the impact of the external and internal factors of bank performance on the profitability indicators of the Indian commercial banks in the period from 2006 to 2014. On the basis of research conducted abroad on bank and macroeconomic profitability indicators, in order to obtain research results return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) indicators were analyzed using descriptive methods. On the basis of the obtained results, the profitability has had a significant effect on Net interest margin credit risk and portfolio composition and management. With regard to macroeconomic indicators, inflation has negative impact on exchange rate of USD/INR has a positive impact on profitability as measured by ROA and ROE. Considering the changes in macroeconomic indicators, the banks should be able to anticipate potential crises in order to avoid negative consequences for the bank-specific indicators.