MAPPING AND MODELING OF GROUND WATER PATTERN USING GEO SPATIAL TECHNOLOGY

Groundwater has significant role in hydrological cycle and it is the part of precipitation that seeps down through the soil until it reaches rock material that is saturated with water. Due to rapid industrialization and increased volume of vehicles the amount of heat generating in atmosphere keep on increasing at an alarm rate which causes hydrological imbalance and reduces the rate of annual rainfall. Apart from these reasons unscientific agricultural practices and improper drainage systems initiates depletion of water resources both in its quantity and quality. The satellite images of desired locations gives the information of existed geographical conditions and the pattern of hydrological issues to select suitable sites for groundwater recharge as well as to identify the zones for bore wells/dug wells and these are the best sources for extracting information of geological conditions and drainage patterns of the study area. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques have emerged as efficient and powerful tools in different fields of science over the last three decades. The Geographical Information Systems has the ability to store, arrange, retrieve, classify, manipulate, analyze and present huge spatial data and information in a simple manner. The Remote sensing technique is applied to retrieve complete information in space and time even from inaccessible areas. Now days, both Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques are regarded as essential tools for groundwater studies especially for extended and complex systems.