Terms reducing the cutting temperature in turning

In this paper we propose a new theoretical approach to the calculation of the temperature of the blade cutting tool, taking into account the distribution of heat released during the cutting process, formed between the chip and the surface layer of the workpiece. On the basis of the received analytical dependences for determining the temperature of cutting when turning the basic conditions for its reduction have been defined. They mainly consist in reducing the cutting adequate stress (machining energy consumption) by reducing the intensity of the cutter friction against the cutting material in the cutting zone by applying a high-speed processing, but also by reducing the main cutting edge angle. It has been shown that if the cutting speed and longitudinal feed continuously increase the cutting temperature continuously increases as well, asymptotically approaching a constant value equal to the temperature of the produced chips. This indicates that with increasing speed of cutting and longitudinal feed all the heat generated during cutting is spent on heating the chip, and just a small part of the heat goes into the workpiece. As a result, it is possible to improve the quality of the treated surface as the probability of forming burns, cracks, and other temperature microscopic defects occurring on the treated surface decreases. Calculations revealed that neglecting the heat going into the resulting chips in turning leads to a significant increase in cutting temperature up to the values physically unrealizable in cutting. Consequently, it is possible to calculate maximum cutting temperature close to the experimental values only taking into account the heat balance going into the chips and the surface layer of the workpiece. Practical recommendations for improving blade processing technology based on the reduction of thermal stress in cutting have been given