RESEARCH ON BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES OF SOME FRUIT CROPS GROWING IN THE SOUTHEAST OF KAZAKHSTAN

The article is devoted to obtaining polyphenol concentrates from black currant, raspberry and plum with the purpose of their further use in foods as a source of biologically active substances. The chemical composition of black currant, raspberry and plum growing under the conditions of South-East Kazakhstan is studied. The effect of various process parameters (water duty, alcohol concentration, duration of extraction) on the extraction of phenolic compounds from raw materials is analyzed. The optimum technological conditions for producing extracts from the berries of black currant, raspberry and plum such as water duty of 1:5, the alcohol concentration of 40%, the duration of extraction of 30 min have been established, wherein the polyphenol content is 690 mg/dmin the currant extract, 535 mg/dmin the raspberry extract, and 522 mg/dmin the plum extract. The obtained extracts were used to produce liquid concentrates by means of evaporation in a vacuum rotor evaporator until complete extraction of ethanol. The nutritive and energy value, the content of vitamins, minerals, toxic elements, pesticides, radionuclides and microbiological indices have been determined in the concentrates. The obtained concentrates have a high content of phenolic antioxidant substances with antioxidant activity, particularly a concentrate of black currant up to 2095 mg/dm. This allows us to recommend using the concentrates not only for the enrichment but also for increasing the storage life of foods.