The Effects of Nanoparticles on Sporulation and Active Population of Talaromyces Flavus

The importance of the Talaromyces flavus antagonistic fungus has been understood for inhibiting the growth of some of the important plant pathogenic agents such as Rhizoctonia solani, Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum. Additionally, based on the results of previous research, preparation of the mentioned fungal bioformulation was possible with substrates in the form of various plant residues such as rice bran and wheat straw. The application of this bioformulation in the greenhouse and the field, in addition to reducing the incidence of seedling damping-off, Verticillium wilt and Fusarium wilt diseases in cotton, sugar beet, potato, tomato and greenhouse cucumber, while increases their yields. According to the obtained results, the commercialization of the bioformulation of this fungus has particular importance. Since the marketing is considered to be an important factor in the continuation of commercialization, considering the type of bioformulation with ease of use can greatly affect the attraction of relevant consumers and a successful marketing. Therefore, due to the recent advances in the application of nanotechnology in various sciences, it seems necessary in the further research to investigate different nanoformulations from the biological agent with an emphasis on the ease of use, preparation and their efficacy in biological control of plant diseases. In this study, nanoformulations were prepared in three types: nanocapsule (F1 and F3), nanoemulsion (F2), and nanopowder (F4). Three and six months after production, laboratory experiments on nanoformulations and the formulation based on previous technical knowledge (rice bran and T. flavus) on sporulation and active population of the antagonistic fungus were carried out in a completely randomized design. The results showed that there was a significant increase in sporulation and active population in nanopowder compared to other formulations.