Bacterial profile of central line associated blood stream infections in I.C.U patients from tertiary care hospital

Introduction: Central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) is a major contributing factor in-hospital mortality and morbidity. CLABSI are considered among the first and most "preventable" classes of nosocomial infections. The most serious complications are bacteremia, sepsis and death. The definitive diagnosis of catheter infection can be made by using a combination of clinical signs and symptoms together with the laboratory confirmed blood culture techniques. Aim and Objectives: To study the rate of CLABSI in ICU patients. To identify bacteria causing CLABSI and to study their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Materials and Methods: This Prospective study was done over a period of 2 years (January 2014–December 2015). CLABSI was diagnosed based on Clinical criteria (Fever, chills&Hypotension) and Laboratory criteria (Qualitative blood cultures through device and Differential time to positivity or semi quantitative catheter segment culture). Results: For the year 2014 & 2015 rate of CLABSI was 7.35 and 5.10 per 1000 central line days. Rate of CLABSI in year 2015 has reduced as compared to year 2014. Out of total 19 isolates 12 were Gram positive cocci (63.15%): five coagulase negative staphylococci (CONS) (26.3%), four S. aureus (21.05%) and three Enterococci spp (15.7%). Six Gram negative bacilli were isolated: Two E.coli (ESBL) (10.5%), two Acinetobacter baumannii (10.5%), one K. pneumoniae (5.26%) and one Serratia Marcescens. One non albicans candida was isolated from CLABSI Conclusion: The 6.08 rate of CLABSI per 1000 catheter days, for 2014 to 2015, was a matter of concern. This work will help in better management of patients as well as in prevention of Catheter related blood stream infection, especially due to multi drug resistant organisms like MRSA & ESBL.