Correlation study between body mass index, body fat, glycemic indices and lipid profile with insulin resistence and secretion in healthy euthyroid individuals

Introduction: Insulin resistance and secretion are highly dependent on variable influencing factors, in the developmental process of Diabetes mellitus. Growing incidence of diabetes prompt us to study the various contributing factors in the development of Diabetes mellitus in healthy individuals. Objective: To study the relationship associated between anthropometric measurements, plasma lipids, glycemic indices, thyroid stimulating hormone with Insulin resistance and secretion in healthy individuals. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in normal healthy individuals, from general population.(n=142).Body mass index, body fat, were measured, Glycemic indices, fasting glucose, post prondial glucose, Glycated hemoglobin, fasting insulin levels, Thyroid stimulating hormone, fasting lipid profile were analysed. Result: Insulin resistance (HOMA IR) is positively correlated with Glycemic indices (FBS, PPBG, HbA1C) P<0.05, Body mass index P<0.05, Body fat P<0.05, and Cholesterol/HDL ratio. Serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) P<0.05 is negatively associated with Insulin Secretion. Glycemic Indices, Triacylglycerol, cholesterol, LDL are negatively correlated with Insulin Secretion. Conclusions: Glycemic indices, body mass index, body fat and lipid profile are intrinsically related to Insulin resistance and Insulin secretion. Increased TSH is associated with decreased insulin secretion leading to increase blood glucose levels, which indicates that thyroid hormone is important for pro insulin expression and translation, providing the evidence that, effects of thyroid hormones on carbohydrate metabolism also include the control of proinsulin gene expression, the possible role of thyroid hormones on insulin secretion.