Refining Some Type of Illipe Nut's Fat and It's Physical-Chemical Properties

IllipenutinIndonesiaservesasoneof theessentialexportcommoditiesfromnon-woodforestproductsgroup.Illipenut through the extraction can be processed into high-economic valued fat that could function as cocoa butter substitute (CBS), obtained through extraction of illipe nut Illipe nut's fat that results from extraction process can not be directly used, but shouldbepreviouslyrefined.Inthisstudy,refiningof illipenut'sfatwasconductedthroughdegummingandneutralization process. Degummingprocesswascarriedoutbyaddingacids(acetic,citricandphosphoric)eachwith20%strengthat0,4 (w/w)tothefatthathasbeenpreviouslyheated.Theresultsshowedthatdegummingusingphosphoricacidproducedabetter quality fat compared to that with citric acid and acetic acid. NaOH was used for neutralization process. The resulting neutralized fat was then examined for its physical-chemical properties which revealed that such properties were not so far differentfromthoseof commercialillipenut'sfat.TheGCanalysisasconductedontherefinedillipenut'sfatshowedthatit consisted of various saturated fatty acid as well as unsaturated and other chemical compounds. All of the examined illipe nut'sfatinthisresearchshowedthatoleicacidisthedominantcomponent.