To Review the Pathogenesis, Traditional Treatment and Future Trends in the Diagnosis and Treatment of HIV Infections

The HIV infection has a major role in the human immunodeficiency syndrome. According to the literature review, the main factor is the reduction of CD4 cells and increment in the growth of B-cells with hypergammaglobulinamia. The HIV has the external glycoprotein-120(gp120) and the trans-membrane protein (gp41) which is attached with the CD4 receptors and one or both chemokine receptors (CCR5, CXCR4) on the surface of the host cell. Before selecting the suitable regimens, resistance testing, efficacy against virus, tolerability, dosing frequency, pill burden, drug interactions and patient preferences must be considered. Initially the combination of 2nRTIs along with third suitable member from any other class may be considered as a suitable treatment. A number of drug classes have been proved effective in the treatment of HIV infections; they are nucleoside nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, protease inhibitors and entry inhibitors.