Removal of Congo Red From Dye Wastewater Using Adsorption

The objective of this review discusses removal of Congo red from waste water effluents using various low cost adsorbents, eco-friendly and highly efficient. Dyes and pigments widely utilize in the textiles, paper, plastics, leather, and foodstuff, cosmetic industries as well as natural and artificial fibers to color products. Use of these dyes along with lots of water in textile industries has resulted in the production of polluted and coloured waters being discharged into the environment (nearby land or rivers) without any treatment because the conventional treatment methods are not effective. Congo red one of important dye that found in the waste water have higher solubility in the water about 1 g/30 mL. Therefore, Congo red containing effluents have to be efficiently treated before they are discharged into the water bodies or the environment. Over the past few decades, several processes have been used for the removal of dyes from wastewater such as biological (aerobic and anaerobic), chemical precipitation, coagulation/ flocculation, solvent extraction, membrane filtration, ion exchange, ozonation, electrochemical destruction and adsorption. Adsorption process has simplicity of design, more efficient, easy to operate, insensitivity to toxic substances and cost effective, hence, it has been suggested as a potential alternative to the existing physical / chemical /biological methods for the removal of congo red from industrial effluents or waste water. The variables comprises of equilibrium contact time, particle size, pH of the dye solution, initial concentration, amount of adsorbent, temperature. Hence the present study reviewed for the removal of Congo red from waste water effluents using various low cost adsorbents