CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MYCOPLASMA INFECTION IN CHILDREN IN RYAZAN REGION

Background. Acute respiratory infections are an urgent problem of pediatrics due to the high incidence rate and high risk of bacterial complications. Aim. The aim of the study was to analyze the statistical indicators of the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children of the Ryazan region, to determine the clinical and epidemiological features of mycoplasmal infection, and to assess its role in CAP morbidity in children. Materials and Меthods. The analysis of the incidence of CAP in children of the Ryazan region (20142016) and of medical documentation of 106 children (55 boys, 51 girls) (age from 9 months to 17 years) was conducted. All patients underwent oxigenometry, clinical and laboratory examination, radiography, detection of specific IgM antibodies to M. pneumoniae. Results. In the Ryazan region there is noted an increase in the incidence of CAP in children as compared to the stable level of the incidence of CAP in Russia: in children under 14 years of age the incidence is 1.5 times higher than in 2014 and 2.8 times higher than in 2015, and is 2 times higher than in 2014 in 15-17 year old children. Most commonly mycoplasmosis was recorded in pre-school age children, with the peak incidence in October-December. The disease began acutely without significant symptoms of intoxication and local changes. 77.3% of children had pneumonia, mostly right-sided (48.8%), and 33.1% had a mixed bacterial infection. Hematological indices indicated the presence of iron deficiency anemia in 12.3%, and moderate leukocytosis in 28% of children. Antibiotic therapy was carried out with the use of macrolides, and in case of mixed bacterial infection a combination of antibiotics with cephalosporins of the 3d generation was used. Conclusion. In recent years there has been an increase in the incidence of CAP in children. Seasonality of hospitalization of children with mycoplasmal infection was revealed, and a high incidence of the disease in preschool children with chronic pathology. In 77.3% of examined children mycoplasmosis took the form of CAP, which influenced the incidence rate of CAP in children.