BANK LENDING FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESSES EXPORTERS

The article deals with the approaches to segmentation of the bank lending market. It has been determined that it is expedient to distinguish the lending segment of exporters of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) for the main size of the enterprise, the target of using funds, the possibilities of collateral, the approaches to risk assessment, the need of using special forms of payments for export operations. Separation of the corresponding segment will allow for its regulation and dynamic development be more effective in conditions of increasing the role of SMEs in the Ukrainian economy as a whole. An analysis of the existing offer of Ukrainian commercial banks in the SME lending market includes lending to exporters. It is noted that in banks with the largest volumes of assets there are no special public programs for lending to SME exporters. The tendency of interest rates for SMEs and corporate clients is observed. It is noted that either some large banks have introduced integrated banking and operating services for SMEs. The demand of the relevant market segment outlines the following problems: high level of interest rates compared to European countries, which reduces the price competitiveness of Ukrainian products; the presence of dissatisfied demand for credit resources. The existing disproportion is noted regarding the lending to Ukrainian banks of imported goods in Ukraine (for example, in the field of car loans, financing of agricultural machinery), and the lack of appropriate credit programs for Ukrainian goods abroad. Legislative mechanisms for resolving the relevant imbalances are proposed: simplifying the credit process for SMEs; introduction of state interest rate compensation programs for SMEs; introduction of incentive institutes and information provision of exports (export credit agencies, export promotion organizations, etc.). The possible directions of transformation of lending to the segment of exporters of small and medium enterprises by means of development of 2 main channels of change are identified: for the NBU - to make an appropriate changes in the normative acts of regulation of the procedure for assessing the risks of corporate loans to realize the possibility of creating specialized banks; for the government - to ensure the availability of financial resources, relevant programs and the establishment of appropriate institutions.