ESSENCE OF SECURITY CONCEPT AND ITS APPLICATION IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

The paper presents the results of the research into the security concept which is used in the public administration system and international relations. Security applies to all the aspects of the life of people, society, and state. At the same time, the concept of ‘security' is quite subjective, its analysis and interpretation varying very much depending on the needs of different countries. A system of public administration of any country uses the concept of ‘national security' which is explored by different scientists from different angles with application of different approaches to its definition. Specifically, the essence of this concept is revealed to the fullest extent possible through the concepts of ‘national interests' and ‘national values'. The opposite of the concept of ‘security' is ‘danger', the varying degrees of which are ‘risks', ‘challenges' and ‘threats'. Thus, risks represent the lowest level of danger, while threats – the highest. That is why the most important component of security is a change of a threat for a challenge, and a challenge for a risk. When risks transform into challenges, and challenges develop into threats, it is an indication of very serious problems in the work of the national security system of a particular country. Thus, analysis of any problem of the national or international security should start from the analysis of risks, challenges, threats and possibilities for threats to be transformed into challenges, and challenges – into risks. Security is not a mere physical survival of the society, or preservation of sovereignty and integrity of the state and its single economic and defense space, but also creation of the conditions for the society's sustainable functioning and development. Therefore, security is interrelated with sustainability, which is one of the indicators that characterize the degree of a system security. That is why the national security depends to a large extent on the stability of the society, on the stability of economic, political, social, military and other relations. In connection with the above, the most important prerequisite for the functioning and development of the society is provision of its security. Security assurance is a significant task of every state in the world, and for that reason security is the major aspect in the functioning of the international relations actors.