THE NAMES OF PROTECTIVE ARMORS AND EQUIPMENT IN THE TURKIC LANGUAGES

This article presents the lexical-semantic, historical-etymological analysis of names of protective armor and equipment in the Turkic languages in the comparative plan. The novelty of our work lies in the fact that the object of the study is the names included in this subgroup of the lexical-semantic group "armament" not in one, but in all Turkic languages, the vocabulary of which is subjected to comparative analysis. We have identified the material relating to the names of protective armor and equipment in the Turkic languages, the historical development of this lexical subgroup is shown, the chronological framework for the appearance and disappearance of names or their transition to the category of archaisms and historicism were established. We have shown the relationship of ancient and medieval written monuments to the vocabulary of modern Turkic languages. We have identified the common Turkic layer of vocabulary and layers of borrowings: inter-Turkic and individual Turkic languages; noted the features of the contact of groups and individual Turkic languages with non-Turkic languages. The author describes the main methods of nomination, analyzes the motivating features that formed the basis of the studied names, and notes the most productive of them. The connection of military vocabulary with the development of economic, political and cultural life of the peoples-native speakers of the Turkic languages is considered. The vocabulary, common for all Turkic languages, areas or groups of languages, as well as individual vocabulary in groups or individual Turkic languages is established.