Effect of cigarette smoking on various biochemical parameters in patients attending OPD of RMMCH

Background: Smoking harms nearly every organ of the body and diminishes a person's overall health. Millions and millions of peoples have health problems due to the habit of smoking. It is now a burden worldwide because smoking addiction of teenagers increasing immensely. Globally, smoking is not only a leading cause of cancer as well as various heart diseases. Smoke contains several carcinogenic pyrolytic products like Polycyclic Aroma0tic Hydrocarbons (PCAH), acrolein etc. are irreversible binds to DNA, causes genetic mutation and cancer. Aim: To evaluate the effect of smoking on Blood biochemistry parameters. Materials and methods: Totally 68 subjects were included in the study. 34 current smokers who came from in and around Chidambaram to the RMMC and Hospital who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected as an experimental group. Another 34 non-smokers of the same age group were included separately in this study as a control group. So a total of 68 respondents were contacted for the study. The primary data were collected during the 2016-2017 period of around one year. biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, blood urea, and lipid profile were analyzed using standard methods. Results: While comparing the mean Blood sugar, Serum Cholesterol, Triglycerides, HDL, and LDL values, it was found to be more in smokers compared to that of non-smokers and this was significant at 5% level for Blood sugar and at 1% level for other values like cholesterol, TGL, HDL, and LDL. The mean Blood urea value had no significant association with smoking. Conclusion: Subchronic and acute exposure to tobacco smoke and various tobacco smoke constituents have been shown to elicit a wide variety of cardiovascular effects in animal models. These effects include decreased oxygen-carrying capacity, resulting in ischemia, platelet activation, endothelial damage, altered lipoprotein levels and increased arterial wall thickness which can promote atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. Ischaemia, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis increase the risk of myocardial infarction and other serious cardiovascular effects.