Role of Pharmacogenomics in Drug Designing

Pharmacogenomics is the study that examines how genetic variations affect the ways in which individual respond to drugs which are complex traits that are influenced by many different genes. It intends to develop rational means of optimizing drug therapy, with respect to the individuals' genotype, to maximize efficacy with minimal adverse drug reactions. Indeed, pharmacogenomics is exploited as an essential step for target discovery and drug development in the pharmaceutical industry. Advances in genomics technology and high throughput platform over the past several years have transformed drug discovery. Further, applications of functional genomics have revolutionized drug discovery approach. Functional genomics, therefore, is not simply a process toward novel drug discovery, but a general approach to assigning biological functions to genes with currently unknown roles in all organisms.