Amelioration of Gentamicin Induced Dyslipidemia in Guinea Pigs by Curcumin and Rosemary

The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of curcumin, and Rosemary as a natural source of antioxidants to minimize the harmful effects of gentamicin induced dyslipidemia in Guinea pigs. Guinea pigs were divided into five groups. The first group (control) was injected intraperitoneal with saline. The 2nd group was injected intraperitoneal with gentamicin at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight /day. The 3th , 4th , and 5th groups were injected intraperitoneal with gentamicin (100 mg/kg b. wt /day) concurrently with curcumin, rosemary, and curcumin with rosemary at the doses of 200 mg, 220 mg, and 200 mg with 220 mg /kg body weight /day respectively orally by gavage for 10 days. Blood samples were obtained for assessment of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipids, low density lipids, and very low density lipids concentrations. Gentamicin treatment induced dyslipidemia. Guinea pigs that injected intraperitonally with gentamicin at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight daily for 10 days had significantly (p<0.05) increase the concentrations of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipids cholesterol, very low density lipids cholesterol concentrations, and the atherogenic ratios based on lipid profile parameters (Castelli's Risk Index I, Castelli's Risk Index II, Atherogenic Coefficient and Atherogenic Index of Plasma) and decreased the serum high density lipids cholesterol concentration. Co-administration of rosemary and/or curcumin with gentamicin significantly improved of all lipid profile parameters and atherogenic ratios parameters. It can be concluded that, gentamicin had adverse effects on lipid profile parameters, and the atherogenic ratios parameters. Rosemary and/or curcumin supplementation showed a remarkable amelioration of these abnormalities in gentamicin treated male Guinea pigs. It is recommended that the use of gentamicin must be limited and use of rosemary and curcumin as antioxidants to prevent the dyslipidemia. Further studies are necessary to elucidate exact mechanism of protection of hyperlipidemia, atherogenic and potential usefulness of rosemary and curcumin as a protective agent against gentamicin induced dyslipidemia and atherogenic in clinical trials.