METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF PHYSICAL THERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH DEHENERATIVE-DISTROPHIC DISEASES OF MUSCULOSKELETAL APPARATUS

The emergence of degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the musculoskeletal system caused by irreversible changes that have a chronic, progressive course, contribute to the reduction of working capacity and a quality of life of patients. Every year the number of such people increases and the majority of them are people of working age. Such a situation requires the attention of scientists to develop effective mechanisms of influence. Physical therapy is aimed at the restoration (maximum compensation) of functional disorders, the pausing of the pathological process and the extension of the remission period. The planning and organization of the program of physical therapy should be based on the didactic principles of comprehensive training of patients, the constant psychological support of patients and their relatives. Only the awareness of the patient of the peculiarities of his illness, the perception of the situation that has developed in connection with the illness and the possible ways of its solution, will help to achieve positive results of treatment and rehabilitation. The complex of physical exercises, as the basic component of physical activity of patients, is formed in compliance with the rules and methodical methods for the dosage of physical activity on the principle of an individual approach and the use of means for optimizing the process of physical therapy. Degenerative-dystrophic changes in the musculo-skeletal system are among the chronic progressive processes. Scientific developments of specialists of various branches of medicine are aimed at studying etiopathogenesis, diagnostic, treatment and prophylactic and rehabilitation mechanisms for solving problems that arise in patients. When organizing the process of physical therapy of thematic patients, in addition to the generally accepted means, it is recommended to pay attention to the educational and psychological support (if necessary, psychological counseling), the training of patients and their immediate environment. In this case, it is necessary to adhere to the generally accepted didactic principles of teaching, scientifically based principles and methodical methods of dosage of physical activity. Only the synergy of all available means of physical therapy will help to achieve the desired effect in the treatment and physical therapy of patients with degenerative-dystrophic processes. Perspective plans for solving the raised issue is the development of the concept of physical therapy for thematic patients. Coping with degenerative-dystrophic processes of the musculoskeletal system is a complex issue, one of the basic components of which is physical therapy. The main tasks of the physical therapist include psychological and pedagogical cooperation with the sick and their relatives. Rehabilitation in medicine is a system of not only socio-economic and medical measures aimed at restoring (compensating) violations of the functions of the organism and returning patients and people with disabilities to socially useful work, but also pedagogical measures aimed at supporting, clarifying and teaching.