Green Synthesis of Silver Nano Particles as Novel Antifungal Agents

Aspergillus species are causative agents of invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients and associated with pulmonary diseases, mycotic diseases, keratitis mycotic keratitis, otomycosis and nasal sinusitis. At least 30 Aspergillus species are associated with human diseases. Aspergillus niger is a member of the genus Aspergillus which includes a set of fungi that are generally considered asexual, although perfect forms. Aspergillus flavus is a fungus grows by producing thin thread like branched hyphae. Aspergillus flavus is a filamentous mould.A. fumigatus is characterized by green echinulate conidia in chains basipetally from greenish phialides, 6 to 8 by 2 to 3µm. Rhizopus is filamentous fungus found in soil decaying fruit and vegetables, Rhizopus species are most common in habitants of bread hence called as bread molds. Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by yeasts that belong to the genus Candida. Silver is the one of the important nano-material with five hundred tons of silver nanoparticles production per year it has been associated with strong bactericidal effects and antifungal activities. The aim of this study was to synthesize nanoparticles using plant extracts and determine antifungal activity by standard methods. METHODS Sabourd Dextrose agar was prepared. Fungal cultures were sub cultured and observed for microscopic and macroscopic characters. The leaves of Neem, Lemon, Black berry, Tamarind and Almond were collected and powdered. The powdered plant material was extracted using sterile water. Silver nano particles were prepared using crude extracts of Neem, Lemon, Black berry, Tamarind and Almond. RESULTS Aspergillus niger was found to be resistant to Aqueous leaf extracts of Neem, Lemon and Tamarind where this fungus was found to be sensitive tu maximum 250µl and minimum concentration of Black berry and Almond leaf extracts in concentration of 100 µl with values of 24 mm,21 mm and 23 mm , 21 mm. Aspergillus flavus was found to be resistant to aqueous leaf extracts of Neem, Lemon, and Tamarind in concentration ranging from 250µl to 100 µl showing no zone formation.A.fumigatus was found to be resistant to aqueous leaf extracts of neem, lemon and tamarind in concentration ranging from 250 µl to 100 µl showing no zone formation.Candida albicans was found to be resistant to aqueous leaf extracts of Neem, Lemon and Tamarind in concentration ranging from 250 to 100 µl showing no zone formation.Rhizopus spp was found to be resistant to aqueous leaf extracts of Neem, Lemon and Tamarind in concentration ranging from 250 to 100µl showing no zone formation.Rhizopus spp was found to be resistant to aqueous leaf extracts of Neem, Lemon and Tamarind in concentration ranging from 250 to 100µl showing no zone formation. Aspergillus niger , A.flavus, A. fumigatus, Rhizopus and Candida albicans were found to be resistant to aqueous silver nanoparticles leaf extracts of Lemon and Tamarind in concentration ranging from 250µ to 100µl showing no zone formation and found to be sensitive to leaf extracts of Black berry, Almond and Neem . R. Nazreen | R. Ushasri "Green Synthesis of Silver Nano Particles as Novel Antifungal Agents" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-6 , October 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18732.pdf