The Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on the Improvement of Periodontitis and Gingivitis in Adults

Introduction: Oral and dental diseases are very common in periodontal diseases and not only have physical, but also economic, social and psychosocial consequences. Periodontal diseases are the main cause of tooth loss and as a result of a public health problem Children, adolescents and adults are affected. Oral health education has been a major public health problem, which is the first step in the prevention of oral and dental illness. This study aimed to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on Health Belief Model on the improvement of periodontitis and gingivitis in adult population referred to a dental clinic in Tehran. Abstract RESEARCH ARTICLE Volume 2 | Issue 3 ScholArena | www.scholarena.com Journal of Oral Health and Dental ScienceISSN: 2577-1485 Open AccessIntroduction Keywords: Periodontists; Gingivitis; Health Belief Model Oral health refers to the health of our mouths and ultimately represents the health of our whole body [1]. Oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontal diseases are very common and not only have physical, but also economic, social and mental symptoms - They are also psychological. These diseases seriously disturb the quality of life in a large number of people and affect many aspects of their lives, such as oral functioning, facial appearance and social relationships [2]. Chronic periodontitis is an infectious disease that results in inflammation in the supporting tissues of the teeth, loss of progressive joints and bone resorption. Clinical findings of chronic untreated periodontitis include the formation of plaque above the gums and abdominal cavities that are often associated with mass formation, gingival inflammation, envelope formation, loss of connective tissue and bone alveolar analysis [3]. Gingivitis is an inflammatory disease of the gum that is associated with Symptoms such as increased volume; color changes, form and gum congestion, and bleeding during probe are indicated. The bacterial plaque accumulating due to non-compliance with health around the teeth is the main cause of the disease [4]. Materials and Methods: This study was executed as a randomized clinical trial. The random selection of subjects with periodontitis and gingivitis disease was divided into two groups of intervention and control, with 98 subjects in each group. Patients were examined for plaque and depth of pocket index. The questionnaire was presented to both groups based on the Health Belief Model. In both groups, scaling treatment and root planning were performed. Individual training was performed in the intervention group in three sessions (baseline, one month later and three months later) for 15 minutes. One and three -month retreat was conducted in both groups by providing a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 software, which was considered to be less than 5% in this study. Results: The pre-test results did not show a significant difference in the demographic data of the participants, the Health Belief Model, plaque index and the depth of the dental pocket. After intervention, there was a significant difference between the two groups regarding the factors of Health Belief Model as well as knowledge, performance and index of plaque and depth of pocket (p <0.001). But there was no significant difference in the perceived benefits construct (p = 0.535).