Suppurative Chronic Osteomyelitis: Case Report

The chronic suppurative osteomyelitis is an inflammation of infectious origin, which invades the bone marrow spaces, being able to reach the cortical bone and the Harvesian system, extending until the periosteum, causing the decrease of the blood supply, leading to ischemia, and subsequently to a tissue necrosis of the bone. Its etiology is multifactorial, whose odontogenic infections are the most common causes, presenting difficult diagnosis and complex treatment, the prognosis being, in most cases, unpredictable. Fever, pain, edema, trismus, hyperemia, intra- and extra-oral fistulated area, and "gnawing" bone sequestration are the most frequent findings. The diagnosis is made in the presence of signs, symptoms and radiographic findings, and can be complemented by CT, magnetic resonance imaging and scintigraphy. Treatment consists of corticotomy, sequestrectomy and removal of the cause, associated with antibiotic therapy. The objective of this work is to present a clinical case of chronic suppurative osteomyelitis in an 8-year-old patient, addressing her etiopathogenesis, clinical, radiographic aspects and its treatment.