ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ РОЗВИТКУ ОБДАРОВАНИХ СТУДЕНТІВ-ВИНАХІДНИКІВ У ЗАКЛАДАХ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ

The article highlights the main psychological problems of personality development in gifted students, due to age, individual and social differences. The scientific and psychological approaches of various authors to the study of the problems of development of gifted students are analyzed and the concept of technically gifted personality in psychology is defined. The psychological characteristics of youth are carried out and age features of formation of the gifted creative personality of students-inventors are considered. The main problem aspects of the development of technically gifted personality in adolescence are systematized and characterized. Our theoretical study is aimed to the reveal of the main and important for their solution psychological contradictions of the development of gifted students who have the abilities to invent, in particular in the higher education institutions. This task is both a priority and a problem in modern higher education institutions. This conclusion is explained by the fact that the formation of favorable conditions and support of creative potential for the development of gifted individuals is not always taken into account in the process of teaching creative and capable students. This issue requires a through disclosure of the essence of the phenomenon of technical talent and analysis of socio-psychological factors that affect the own development of students-inventors. Thus, the development of gifted students-inventors in the higher education institutions is a multidimensional problem in psychology. The psychological problems of their development are clarified through the age-related tumors of youth, such as the social situation of development and leading activities, as well as personal tumors – the development of creative abilities. These components allow us to reveal the creative nature of the psyche of gifted students as the system-forming factors of development of talent. The development of technical talent of students should be mediated by the enhanced development of abilities, the formation of personality as a gifted in the education institutions and the implementation of inventive activity as a leading learning activity.