Investigation of the refrigerating machine characteristics on natural alternative refrigerants

As the ozone crisis of the end of the last century has been overcome, at the moment the global warming of the Earth's atmosphere is at the forefront and becomes the main ecological problem of the twenty-first century. In this connection, there was a significant pressure on the refrigeration and compressor equipment in order to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This is especially true of various hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). As a result, the interest of experts and scientists is increasingly beginning to drag the possibility of widespread use in refrigeration and compressor technology of natural substances, which virtually no effect on the greenhouse effect of the atmosphere. These substances include ammonia, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and some others.The development of refrigeration equipment is currently under the influence of three identified environmental problems of interconnected factors: the requirements of the Montreal Protocol on the Consumption of Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (primarily the Widespread R12 Coolant) and the temporary and quantitative restrictions on the use of transition group substances have a low ozone depleting potential (ODP); the requirements of the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change on the regulation of greenhouse gas (GWP) emissions, which include the widely used refrigerant R134a and many other substances used in refrigeration technics; a traditional requirement for increasing energy efficiency of all types of refrigeration equipment due to the growing competition on the domestic market and the provisions of certain laws "On Energy Efficiency" and the requirements of the standards for compulsory disclosure and informing consumers about the class of energy efficiency of refrigeration units.The purpose of the study is to compare and compare the characteristics of a refrigerating appliance, in which the refrigerants of HCFC and HFC groups, which are currently commonly used in the refrigeration industry, and the alternative natural refrigerants, which have not yet been widely used, act as a caustic agent. , but through the Kyoto and Montreal Protocols, is an essential alternative to the existing refrigerants of HCFC and HFC groups.The theoretical study of a single-foam refrigerating machine was carried out on 15 working substances (R717, R600, R600a, R290, R1270, R134a, R142b, R22, R32, R404a, R407c, R410a, R507a, R401a, R502)