MACROLIDES: NON-ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECTS IN THE TREATMENT OF FULL-THICKNESS SKIN WOUNDS IN RATS ON THE BACKGROUND OF ALLOXAN DIABETES

Background. It seems promising to study the use of antibacterial drugs that interact with neutrophils taking into account the specific features of the wound process in patients with diabetes mellitus, namely, inhibition of phagocytic activity, a decrease in antiinfective resistance, incomplete phagocytosis, and high microbial contamination of the wound surface, Aim. To evaluate phagocytic activity and oxygen-dependent biocidal activity of neutrophilic granulocytes (NG), depending on the approach to antibacterial therapy. Materials and Methods. This goal models of alloxan diabetes and full-layer planar skins of back injury are formed in 75 Wistar rats. All animals are divided into 3 equal groups. Group 1 – control, group 2 – experimental, the animals receive injections of ceftriaxone as treatment, group 3 – experimental 2, the rats receive injections of the drug clarithromycin. The study of the functional activity of neutrophilic granulocytes is carried out in accordance with the methodological recommendations of Nesterova I.V., et al. (1996). An assessment of the oxygen-dependent biocidal activity of neutrophil granulocytes in peripheral blood of rats is carried out using a classical NBT test. Results. Analyzing the obtained results, it should be concluded that suppression of the phagocytic activity of NG takes place in animals of the control group and rats receiving cephalosporin, it is evidenced by a decrease in the absorptivity and a decrease in the index and the percentage of digestion of the bacterial agent, which are maximally expressed on the 10th day of observation. However, taking into account the indices of the phagocytic activity in the blood of the rats of the experimental group, the animals of which receive clarithromycin injections, a statistically reliable trend is observed in the growth of these indices, which reduces the risks of secondary infection of wounds and creates conditions for the reparative process. Estimating the results of the NBT test, we can speak about a more adequate response of neutrophilic granulocytes of blood of rats, that receive injections of macrolide, onto the bacterial agent. Conclusion. Combined antibacterial therapy with the inclusion of a macrolide drug is effective in the treatment of purulent-inflammatory process on the background of diabetes mellitus.