ADJUSTMENT OF WEEDS IN CORN CROPS

Over the past 5 years, the area and yield of corn have sharply increased in Ukraine. The analysis of literary sources shows that the problem of bulb corn crops is very important. The main purpose of this work is to justify the use of Harnes soil and Master Power herbicides for control of weeds in corn crops to grains. It was found that the natural contamination of the experimental plots was high. The plants of corn on the early stages of the development grow slowly and that is why poorly compete with a weed vegetation. The creation of favorable starting conditions for the growth and development of plants plays such an important role in the formation of high corn yields. In the experiment, the maize hybrid of the firm "Pioneer" PR38D89 was grown. The soil cover of the experimental sites is represented by dark gray linden soils. Inbred accounting was performed quantitatively (30 and 60 days after corn sowing) and quantitative and weight method before harvesting the crop. In crops of corn, a mixed type of weed was formed, where dicotyledonous weed species prevailed. From the small-year-olds – Chenopodium album L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Matricaria perforate Merat, and from years old – Cirsium arvense L. and yellow thistle Sonchus arvensis L. Among the dicotyledons 32% was occupied by a group of late spring weeds. Cereal species were presented: from perennials – Elytrigia repens L.); from small-year-olds – Setaria glauca L. and Echinochloa crus-galli L. An account is conducted after application of the ground preparation of Harnes (2,5 l/ha) rotined that his use had decreased the impurit of sowing of corn on 90% by comparison to control. But on this variant long-term and late fervent weeds developed and created a threat the productivity of corn. The combination before the emergence of gatherings the use of herbicides Harnes (1,5 l/ha) and after the occurrence of gatherings the use of herbicides Master Power (1,25 l/ha) provided a qualitative phytotoxic effect on the main types of weeds in corn crops. In particular, monocotyledonous weeds were destroyed by 99%, and cereal – by 92-100%. On average, over the two years of research, the protection of corn from weeds by soil herbicide Harnes (2.5 l/ha) yielded a 3,7 tons/ha increase in yields, and a consistent application of Harnes herbicides (1,5 l/ha) and MaitsTer Power (1,25 l/ha) – by 4,4 tons/ha. In our experiments, a significant increase in corn grain yield was obtained when the herbicides were introduced, as the conditions for the growth and development of this culture significantly improved as a result of the destruction and suppression of weeds. In the future, further studies are planned to continue the study of the effects of herbicides on control of the number of weeds in corn crops under different weather conditions and the level of moisture of the soil.