INTRODUCTION OF ELEMENTS OF PROBABILITY THEORY IN JUNIOR GRADES

The paper considers the main aspects of the formation of basic knowledge on the theory of probability in children of junior grades. Since the world around us is a stochastic nature, and statistical-probabilistic methods of investigation began to be actively used not only for the study of natural and mathematical problems, but also the problems of socio-political life, the content of the State standard of basic and secondary education was supplemented with a new content line "Elements of combinatorics, statistics and probability theory". Consequently, one of the main tasks of the implementation of the content of the educational field "Mathematics" in elementary school is the formation of ideas about mathematical statistics and the theory of probabilities as a science of random events and their probabilities, providing knowledge and skills sufficient to simulate real stochastic processes and phenomena in their individual manifestations Therefore, this content component acts as an integration factor, linking information from different fields of knowledge and contributing to the creation of a natural science picture of the world. The paper analyzes the current amount of scientific information. The basic methods and directions concerning teaching probability theory for younger students are shown. Examples of stochastic problems are given in this work. The statistical-probabilistic component of the content of the school mathematical education substantially complements the means of scientific formation the outlook of students through expanding opportunities to consider interdisciplinary tasks, real mathematical models real casual processes and events. However, this will be possible provided consistent development of the content and scope of the concepts of a random event and probability of an accidental event, as well as the relative weight of this educational one material in programs and textbooks, respectively, their significance in educational the potential of a modern young personality.